Alfred hitchon



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. HITOHON. METHOD OF SECURING GARD CLOTHING T0 GARDING ENGINE FLATS ANDMACHINE THEREFOR.

No. 511,146. Patented 1360.19, 1893.

(No-Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. HITOHON. METHOD OF SECURING CARD CLOTHING T0 GARDING ENGINE FLATS ANDMAGHINE THEREFOR. Y

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED HITCHON, OF AOCRINGTON, ENGLAND.

METHOD OF SECURINGCARD-CLOIHING T0 CARDlNG-ENGINE FLATS AND MACHINETHEREFOR SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters IPatent No. 511,146,dated December 19, 1893.

odel.) Patented in England March 25, 1892, No. 5,344., DecemberApplication filed September 15, 1893. Serial No. 435,595- ,(No in To aZZwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED HITCHON, a subject of Her Majesty the Queenof Great Britain, residing at Accrington, in the county of Lancaster,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods ofSecuring Card-Clothing to Oarding-Engine Flats and Machines Therefor,(for which I have obtained British Letters Patent No. 5,844, of March25, 1892, No. 22,494, of December 8, 1892, and No. 8,471, of April 27,1893,) of which the following is a specification.

Under my invention, which has been designed with more particularreference to the securing of card clothing to metal card flats, theclothing is secured to the flat by devices which operate to hold the twotogether and at the same time to stretch the clothing at the time it issecured and to hold it in that stretched condition. Theclothiug is heldto the flat by metallic strips having peg tooth edges, the edges onwhich the teeth are formed being preliminarily bent to overhang theclothing, and the teeth themselves being bent point down from theseoverhanging edges with their points inclining outwardly toward theselvages of the clothing. These teeth by downward and outward pressureapplied simultaneously, are forced down into the clothing in anoutwardly slanting direction,their points turning outward toward theselvages, the effect of this operation being to clinch them in theclothing, and at the same time to stretch the latter toward the sideedges of the. bar. strips are then bent under the edges of the bar, theresult being that the outer edges of the bar and clothing are clasped orclamped together by strips which at the same time hold the clothing inits stretched condition.

The nature of my inventionand the mannor in which it is or may becarried into effeet will be readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view, andFig. 2 is a cross section of a metal flat made in accordance with myinvention. Fig. 3 is a section of the fastening strip in the form intowhich it is preliminarily bent. Fig. 4 is a like section of the same asit appears when fully Fig. 5 is an inner face elevation of the bent.

The lower edges of the metal fastening I e, 1892, minute, and April 27,1893,1I0.8,471.

latter. The strip of course is bent to the shape shown in Figs. 4 and 5,only after it has been applied to and clinched upon and into the metalflat and the clothing. It is shown, however, separatefrom the flat andclothing, so that its shape at this turn may be more fully illustrated.Fig.- 6 is a transverse sectional elevation of appliances for exertingthe downward and outward pressure by which simultaneously the strips areclinched upon and into the flat and clothing, and the clothing, by andduring the clinching operation, is stretched upon the flat. In thisfigure the parts are shown in the position they occupy at thecommencement of the operation. Fig. 7 is a like view of the sameappliances in the position they occupy after the operation has beencompleted. Fig. 8 shows in cross sectional elevation a modification ofthe expand; ing presser tool by which downward and outward pressure isdelivered.

The metal flat is shown at A. Upon its face is the card clothing B, heldthereon in stretched condition, by the thin metal strips 0 (preferablysteel), which clasp the edges of- .the flat and clothing; the upper bentover edges of the strips are armed with teeth 0, which are driven downinto, and outwardly toward the selvages of the clothing, thus stretchingthe latter crosswise of the flat, and holding it in stretched condition;the under edges of the strips are bent beneath the side edges of theflat, thus clamping the parts tightly in place. The face of the fiatalong its edges is beveled slightly as seen at a, thus making thesurface of the flat lower along the outer edges than at the centralportion; I find that this better insures the holding of the clothing inclose connection with the surface of the flat, and avoids overstretchingthe clothing, thus giving more flexibility to the card teeth or wires.The strips C before they are applied are preliminarily bent at theirupper edges to the form shown in Fig. 3, the teeth a being bent downfrom the overhanging horizontally bent solid portion 0 of the upperedge, and having a slight outward inclination. They are then applied tothe clothing B, which is laid upon the face of the flat A, and is of awidth less than that of the flat, and then by downward and outwardpressare, exerted upon the heads of the teeth, that is to say,upon theinner edge of the part c, the teeth are forced into the clothingdownwardly and outwardly, with the result of stretching the clothing,and of being clenched therein, taking ultimately the shape shown in Fig.4. Thus the clothing is stretched by and during the operation ofsecuring it on the flat. The bending of the lower edges 0 of the stripsunder and against the under face of the fiat, completes the operation.

Appliances by the aid of which this method of simultaneously stretchingand securing'the clothing to the'flat can convenientlybe' practiced, arerepresented in Figs. 6 and'7.

D is a cross head arranged to slide vertically in suitable guides andactuated tomove 'byanyp'roper means,as for example the eccentric cl. Atits lowerend it carries an expanding presser tool consisting of the twoaws 6, held to a support f on the iron head by a cross bolt g, andpressure springs g, which tend to press the jaws toward each other. Thejaws have their fulcrums at e.

I The jaws and iron head are placed vertically over a bed 72. upon whichthe metal flat to-be clothed rests in the position indicated in Figs. Gand 7. This bed is madeslightly yielding for which purpose it rests upona spring h interposed between it and the base 1. To the base arefittedon opposite sides thereof upright side blocks k, between which theflat and its clothing are placed, andwhich hold in place the outervertical edges or sides of the fastening strips. These side blocks fiton ribs 2 on the base, and are. gripped and held together in place bythe bolts In'the side blocks are swaging or bending-slides t arranged tomove in and out in slanting grooves in the side blocks, and intended tobend the lower edges of the fastening strips inwardly and under the sideedges of the flat. The vertically yielding or depress'ible bed h, when.pressed down to the full extent, Tests on shoulders 2' on the base; andwhen-in this position the flatis just in the rightposition to 'per'mit'the bending slides to act on the lower edges of the fastening strips,as shown in Fig. 7. The slides l are actuated by lever blocks mfulcrumed at 0 and'bearing at their upper ends against the outerprojecting ends of the slides. These lever blocks can be drawn togetherby any suitable means,'as for example, by bolts 92 which gripthem. Bysetting up the nuts on these bolts, the lever blocks can be drawntogether so as to cause them to force inwardly the slides Z and thus tobend the lower edges of the fastening strips beneath the side edges ofthe metal flat.

Before commencing the operation of securingthe clothing to the flat, Iprefer to interpose between the flat and the clothing a cushion plate 19as indicated in Fig. 6. This cushion plate remains until after the firstpressure has been delivered and the fastening teeth have been partly setor embedded in the 'Figsj6'an'd 7,"I'"can cross them as shown in 'Fig.Sy-where e represents the crossed aws, and e theirfulcrums.

This arrangement causes the jaws to exercise greater stretchlng actionon the card clothrnggthanthat represented in Figs; 6 and 7.

- In Fig. 6 the expanding pressure tool is :rep-

resented as having descended a short distance just far enough to drivethe-teeth of-the-fastening strips'part way through the cloth-rug.

The clothing itself, it will benoted 'is lessiin width than the face ofthe flat. to which'it-is beingapplied.

' In'Fig. 7 the parts arerjepresented as in :the position they occupywhen the operation is concluded. The clothing it will be-noted 'isstretched the full widthef the flat andmthe teeth which-are clinched inthe 'clothing are bent downand outwardly toward theselvage. Thustheclothing is stretched by andduring the operation of fastening it to thefiat and is securely held to thelatter in :thatstretched condition.

I have described-one mechanisin for securing the parts; but I do notlimit myself to that mechanism.

that I claim, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Themethod of securing card clothing to flats, which-consists inapplying =and fitting to the selvages of the cloth-ingtoothed claspingor fastening strips,havingtheir-toothed edges preliminarily turned overor abe'ntaso that the teeth shall overhang the clothing, then forcingthe teeth into the clothing by simultaneously applied downward andoutward pressure'so that the teeth shall beclinchedzin the clothing andextend downwardlyand outwardly toward the selvages ofthe latter,'=andfinally securing the clothing in stretchcd condition, and while" clamped1 upon--the:-fiat, .by bending or turning the lower edges of the stripsaround the edges and upon the'tback of the Hat, substantiallyas':hereinb'efore ---Se forth.

' 2. The combination substantially: as hereinbefore set forth-oft-hefiatsupporting-bed, the reciprocatory expanding presser tool constructedand arranged substantially as here inbefore described todeliversimultaneously downward and outward pressure upon thefasteniugstrips along each edge "of the flatithe side blocks betweenwhich'thetooldescends,

and the swagi-ng orbendingslides,for acting upon the lower edges of thefastening strips, scribed and illustrated in the accompanying LOsubstantially as and for the purpose hereindrawings. before set forth.In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 3. In mechanism for securingcard clothing my hand in the presence of two subscribing to metal flats,the combination of the expandwitnesses.

ing presser tool, the yielding bed 71 and the ALFRED HITCHON. removablecushion plate 19, used in connection Witnesses:

with, and for securing, metallic strips and VV'M. B. GRAY,

card clothing to the flats, as hereinbefore de- TOM BULLEYL.

